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書晁說(shuō)之《考牧圖 / 作者:蘇軾 |
我昔在田間,但知羊與牛。
川平牛背穩(wěn),如駕百斛舟。
舟行無(wú)人岸自移,我臥讀書牛不知。
前有百尾羊,聽我鞭聲如鼓鼙。
我鞭不妄發(fā),視其後者而鞭之。
澤中草木長(zhǎng),草長(zhǎng)病牛羊。
尋山跨坑谷,騰趠筋骨強(qiáng)。
煙蓑雨笠長(zhǎng)林下,老去而今空見畫。
世間馬耳射東風(fēng),悔不長(zhǎng)作多牛翁。
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書晁說(shuō)之《考牧圖解釋:
《書晁說(shuō)之《考牧圖》后》是蘇軾的一首詩(shī)詞。以下是詩(shī)詞的中文譯文、詩(shī)意和賞析:
我昔在田間,但知羊與牛。
In the past, I only knew about sheep and cattle in the fields.
川平牛背穩(wěn),如駕百斛舟。
The backs of the cattle were steady like a boat carrying a hundred measures of grain.
舟行無(wú)人岸自移,我臥讀書牛不知。
The boat moved without any human effort, and while lying down and reading, the cattle were unaware.
前有百尾羊,聽我鞭聲如鼓鼙。
There were a hundred sheep ahead, listening to the sound of my whip like a drumbeat.
我鞭不妄發(fā),視其后者而鞭之。
I did not whip indiscriminately, but only whipped those behind.
澤中草木長(zhǎng),草長(zhǎng)病牛羊。
The grass grew abundantly in the marsh, but the excessive growth of grass caused the cattle and sheep to fall ill.
尋山跨坑谷,騰趠筋骨強(qiáng)。
Searching mountains, crossing valleys, their tendons and bones are strong and agile.
煙蓑雨笠長(zhǎng)林下,老去而今空見畫。
In the smoke-covered fields, under the long forest, I am now old and can only see paintings.
世間馬耳射東風(fēng),悔不長(zhǎng)作多牛翁。
In this world, those who ignore good advice are like horses ignoring the east wind. I regret not becoming a wealthy cattle owner.
這首詩(shī)詞描繪了詩(shī)人年輕時(shí)在田間飼養(yǎng)牛羊的場(chǎng)景。詩(shī)人描述了牛背如舟,行進(jìn)自如,他在駕馭牛羊時(shí)使用鞭子,但只對(duì)落后的牛羊進(jìn)行鞭打,不妄加懲罰。然而,過(guò)度茂盛的草木導(dǎo)致牛羊生病。詩(shī)人經(jīng)過(guò)山林,騎著牛羊穿越險(xiǎn)峻的地形,展現(xiàn)出它們強(qiáng)壯而敏捷的身體。最后,詩(shī)人回顧自己年老的歲月,在煙雨籠罩的田野中,他只能看到畫作中的場(chǎng)景。他對(duì)自己沒(méi)有成為富有的養(yǎng)牛人感到后悔,將自己比喻為馬耳射東風(fēng)的人。
這首詩(shī)表達(dá)了詩(shī)人對(duì)田園生活和樸素的農(nóng)耕生活的懷念,并以此反襯自己在現(xiàn)實(shí)中的無(wú)奈和遺憾。通過(guò)描繪牛羊的形象和自然景物,詩(shī)人展示了對(duì)大自然的贊美和對(duì)人與自然和諧相處的向往。詩(shī)中的牛羊和山水風(fēng)景也具有象征意義,代表了詩(shī)人對(duì)自由、力量和寧?kù)o的追求。整首詩(shī)詞以簡(jiǎn)潔明快的語(yǔ)言和生動(dòng)的形象,展現(xiàn)了蘇軾獨(dú)特的寫作風(fēng)格和對(duì)自然和人生的深刻思考。
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